2025 Annual Report

The Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture has made significant strides in advancing scientific discovery. Our members push the boundaries of precision nutrition, responsive agriculture and healthy living, publishing groundbreaking studies and forging new collaborations.

Discover the IHA’s research impact through member innovations and key findings. We celebrate the dedication and curiosity that drive our mission forward.

IHA mission:

The Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, IHA, exists to improve human health for all by leading science-driven solutions in agriculture, nutrition and food systems in a way that supports economic prosperity, environmental sustainability and community well-being for current and future generations through innovative research-based guidance, policies, programs and practice.

The IHA achieves its mission through three synergistic focus areas:

Grants awarded:

In 2025, the IHA leadership team secured $14.4 MILLION in grants to support the following projects:

• Deep in the Heart: A community-engaged intervention study to catalyze a culture of health in rural South Texas; Read more at AgriLife Today
  
• StrongPeople Strong Hearts digital: An Extension-delivered, mobile app-based cardiovascular disease prevention program for at-risk women; Read more at AgriLife Today
  
• Resilient production of food ingredients and agrochemicals from cactus (Opuntia spp.): Strengthening domestic supply chains and rural economies
  
• An integrated approach to using Precision Nutrition, Responsive Agriculture and Healthy Living behavioral research to reduce diet-related chronic disease
  
• Integrating community nutrition with improved pregnancy outcomes
  
• Regulation of neonatal muscle protein synthesis
  
• The Produce Prescription for Healthy Blood Pressure Program: Managing hypertension and improving food security in urban communities in Texas
  
• Testing implementation strategies for evidence-based physical activity and nutrition education for preschoolers in SAGE
  
• Healthy School recognized campus: A hybrid type 2 implementation-effectiveness trial
  
• Adapting physical activity and healthy eating evidence-based programs to improve cardiovascular health among children

Events, awards and highlights:

Select highlights of grant awards, inductions, strategic happenings and other events from the past year:

• National Academy induction – Teresa Davis, Ph.D., director of the Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, was inducted into the National Academy of Medicine, following her 2024 election to the prestigious society.
  
• American Society for Nutrition award – The American Society for Nutrition recently debuted the Teresa A. Davis Award in Growth and Protein Nutrition, honoring Teresa Davis, Ph.D., for her national leadership and service in nutrition science.
  
• Board of Regents presentation – Teresa Davis, Ph.D., was honored by an invitation to present to the Texas A&M University System Board of Regents on the high-impact research underway at the Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, IHA. Davis’ presentation illustrated how the IHA collaborates with different organizations under the Texas legislature, U.S. Congress and the Texas A&M University System umbrella to bring this critical research to the people of Texas.
  
• National Academies workshop – Marco Palma, Ph.D., served on the planning committee for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to organize “The Role of Science, Technology, and Communication in Advancing Healthful Foods and Diets: A Workshop,” which explored how existing and emerging science, technology, policy and innovation could be applied toward making foods and diets more healthful.
  
• Expansion of leadership team – Yuxiang Sun, Ph.D., M.D., and Penny Riggs, Ph.D., have been appointed to the IHA leadership team. Sun, professor in the Texas A&M University Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M AgriLife Research Faculty Fellow and 2025 Chancellor Enhancing Development and Generating Excellence in Scholarship, EDGES, Fellow was named Interim Associate Director for Precision Nutrition. Riggs, associate professor in the Texas A&M Department of Animal Science, was appointed as Senior Advisor of Strategy and Engagement.
  
• Workshop with National Dairy Council – The IHA, led by Marco Palma, Ph.D., and his team in Responsive Agriculture, co-designed and hosted a collaborative workshop with the National Dairy Council, bringing together researchers, behavioral scientists and industry partners to explore how people make food choices in real-world retail environments.
  
• American Association for the Advancement of Science forum – At the American Association for the Advancement of Science, AAAS, forum, Teresa Davis, Ph.D., hosted a seminar titled “Meeting growing nutritional needs through advanced technology and evidence-supported policies.”
  
• American Society of Animal Science symposium – During the 2025 Perinatal Biology Symposium, presented by the American Society of Animal Science, Teresa Davis, Ph.D., gave the keynote address, “The Impact of Prematurity on the Nutritional Regulation of Growth.”
  
• International Livestock Congress presentations – Teresa Davis, Ph.D. and Penny Riggs, Ph.D., IHA’s Senior Advisor for Strategy and Engagement, spoke at the 2026 International Livestock Congress, ILC, during the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo. Davis’ presentation discussed aligning innovations in nutrition, agriculture and healthy living. Riggs, who served as program chair for the 2026 Congress and is a board member of the Congress’ parent organization, the International Stockmen’s Educational Foundation, spoke on coupling tech advancements with effective scientific communication within the livestock industries.

Associate directors:

Rebecca Seguin-Fowler, Ph.D., R.D.N., L.D., C.S.C.S.
Associate director for Healthy Living

In 2025, Seguin-Fowler and the Healthy Living team led 24 unique projects. These projects included partnerships with over 92 Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, academic and civic/community organizations, and they have recruited over 5,300 study participants.

Additional 2025 highlights from Seguin-Fowler and the Healthy Living team:

• 25 trainees, including five postdoctoral fellows, seven graduate students (master’s and doctorate), four medical students and nine undergraduate students including eight dietetic interns.
• A total of $23.9+ million in funding across the Healthy Living faculty members.
• 50 new national and international scientific presentations and 25 peer-reviewed manuscripts published.

Read Rebecca Seguin-Fowler’s 2025 publications.

Marco Palma, Ph.D.
Interim associate director for Responsive Agriculture

In 2025, Palma and the Responsive Agriculture team led research projects, secured grants and supported conferences and other events, including:

• Served on the panel discussing the role of funding in academic and scientific progress for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 
• Appeared as a guest speaker at the Graze On Over webinar hosted by the National Grazing Lands Coalition.
• Served on the planning committee for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s workshop, “The Role of Science, Technology and Communication in Advancing Healthful Food and Diets.”
• Led capacity-building, tours and trainings for the IHA and the Human Behavior Laboratory.
• Served as a sponsor for the 12th annual Texas A&M Plant Breeding Symposium.
• Select 2025 projects include:
  • The USDA-SCRI CuCAP Projects: Building Genomic, Breeding, and Disease Management Tools for Cucurbit Crops
  • Labor, Efficiency, Automation, and Production: Nursery Crops Toward Sustainability
  • Resilient Production of Food Ingredients and Agrochemicals from Cactus (Opuntia spp.): Strengthening Domestic Supply Chains and Rural Economies

Read Marco Palma’s 2025 publications.

Yuxiang Sun, Ph.D., M.D.
Interim associate director for Precision Nutrition

Yuxiang Sun, Ph.D., M.D., was appointed interim associate director for Precision Nutrition in January of 2026. Some of her recent accomplishments and awards include:

• Sun received the 2026 University-Level Distinguished Achievement Awards, presented by The Association of Former Students and Texas A&M University. Since 1955, The Association of Former Students has recognized outstanding members of Texas A&M’s faculty and staff for their commitment, performance and positive impact on Aggie students, Texas citizens and the world around them with these awards. They are among the most prestigious awards presented to faculty and staff members at Texas A&M. Read more on AgriLife Today.
• Sun and her team were awarded a pilot grant through Texas A&M Health’s Demetia & Alzheimer’s Research Initiative, DARI. The title of the preproposal her team submitted was “Nutrient-Sensing GHSR Mediates Transgenerational Neurotoxicity of Environmental Toxicant BPA to Promote Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s Disease.” It was one of only ten preproposals awarded out of the over 100 received by the DARI program.

Research impact:

Over the past year, the Texas A&M AgriLife Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, IHA, has made significant strides in advancing scientific discovery. Our associate members have pushed the boundaries of precision nutrition, responsive agriculture and healthy living, publishing groundbreaking studies and forging new collaborations through work that has strengthened the IHA’s impact and set the stage for even greater advancements. We celebrate the dedication and curiosity that drive our mission forward.

Research is listed alphabetically by last name.

Return on Investment Tool for SNAP-Ed
Katelin Alfaro Hudak, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

This project evaluated the return on investment of the SNAP-Ed program in Texas, particularly through the Better Living for Texans curricula, by analyzing how program-induced changes in diet-related behaviors translate into economic benefits. The research focused on low-income, racially and ethnically diverse populations and sought to determine the economic value of SNAP-Ed in light of recent federal funding cuts. Early results show that participation in SNAP-Ed was associated with improved dietary behaviors, food security and physical activity, leading to significant economic benefits that outweighed administrative costs, suggesting SNAP-Ed is a cost-beneficial public health investment.

The Role of EFNEP in Improving HEI Scores and Food Security Status for Low-Income Households in Selected Counties in Texas
Jenna Anding, Ph.D., Professor and Extension Specialist, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

The role of EFNEP in improving Healthy Eating Index, HEI, scores and food security among low-income Texas households was studied through retrospective analysis. Given Texas’s high poverty rate, this project aimed to evaluate how EFNEP participation affects diet quality, HEI scores and food security status. Early results indicate EFNEP participants experienced increased HEI scores and improved food security, particularly for those involved in food assistance programs, supporting the importance of EFNEP in addressing nutritional disparities.

Produce Prescription to Address Food Insecurity among PVAMU Students
Janet Antwi, B.Pharm., M.S., Ph.D., R.D., Associate Professor, Prairie View A&M University

The project at Prairie View A&M University implemented a produce prescription program targeting food insecurity and chronic disease risk among students. Waller County’s limited food access and high rates of food insecurity, especially among students, shaped the study’s goal to increase fruit and vegetable intake, improve diet, and reduce food insecurity via community-engaged interventions. Findings show the program was feasible and well-received, yielding improved dietary quality, greater produce intake and increased nutrition knowledge, despite little change in food insecurity over the short study.

Interception Between Nutritional Content and Cultivar Performance: High “Vitamin C” Content in Spinach and Potato Enhances Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Post-Harvest Shelf-Life, Quality and Nutritional Content
Carlos Avila, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Horticultural Sciences

This research focused on breeding spinach and potato lines with higher vitamin C content to enhance nutritional value, stress tolerance and shelf life. Vitamin C is beneficial for both human health and plant resilience, but conventional breeding is limited by time-intensive analyses. Modern genomic prediction methods were applied to accelerate selection, achieving high prediction accuracy and identifying breeding lines with double the vitamin C content. Developed lines also showed improved plant performance under salt stress, reinforcing benefits for both consumers and producers.

Protection of Edible Fruit and Vegetable Microbiological Safety Within Production Systems by Preventing Human Pathogen Entry and Exit on Harvested Food Crops
Javad Barouei, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Prairie View A&M University

Barouei’s project investigated how foodborne pathogens, particularly E. coli, survive in manure-amended soils and transfer to produce like strawberries — a concern for small farms using raw manure. Field trials showed that E. coli can persist in soil several months post-application but was not detected on fruit. Chicken manure-supported soils harbored more viable E. coli than those amended with cow manure. These findings support the development of safer manure management practices to reduce food safety risks in fresh produce systems.

Safe and Sustainable Agriculture: Using Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater for Crop Irrigation and Managing Emerging Contaminants
Allen Berthold, Ph.D., Associate Director and Chief of Staff of the Texas A&M AgriLife Texas Water Resources Institute

This project evaluated the safety and feasibility of using treated municipal wastewater for crop irrigation, addressing the potential for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS, contamination. Background concerns are that PFAS is persistent in wastewater and currently unregulated. Early results revealed high variability in PFAS concentrations, with activated sludge posing the highest risk for PFAS transfer into the agricultural system. Modified biochars were highly effective in PFAS removal in lab tests, though practical and economic considerations remain for real-world application.

Precision Nutrition Using Non-Invasive Fecal Multi-Omic Biomarkers in Preterm Babies to Stratify Response to Diet
Robert Chapkin, Ph.D., University Distinguished Professor, Regents Professor, University Faculty Fellow Professor

Chapkin’s study aimed to develop non-invasive fecal RNA-based biomarkers to optimize nutrition and monitor gut development in very preterm infants. The major challenge is the lack of access to intestinal tissue for research. The team successfully collected and processed over 500 stool samples using novel RNAseq techniques, identifying thousands of genes per sample and initiating machine learning analyses for diet-health outcome predictions. Preliminary results demonstrate feasibility and potential for evidence-based recommendations in neonatal nutrition.

Development of Coffee Extracts as Nutraceuticals: Molecular Mechanism-Based Studies
Robert Chapkin, Ph.D., University Distinguished Professor, Regents Professor, University Faculty Fellow Professor

This research examined the molecular mechanisms behind the health benefits of coffee by studying its bioactive compounds, focusing on their roles as ligands for the NR4A1 receptor and impacts on neural and immune function. Coffee extracts improved spatial learning and cognitive tasks in mice, linking these improvements to specific polyphenols and regulatory pathways. This work supports the development of coffee-based nutraceuticals for enhanced health and well-being.

Developing Beef Products for People Suffering from Alpha Gal Syndrome
Karl Clark, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Animal Science

Clark’s project tackles the problem of Alpha-Gal Syndrome — an allergy that prevents affected individuals from safely eating red meat. Using precision gene editing, the project developed GGTA1 knockout cattle to create beef products free of the allergenic sugar molecule. Initial success was achieved with high-efficiency gene editing in primary fibroblasts and zygotes, with ongoing efforts to refine methods and secure regulatory approval for these animals as a novel protein source.

Developing and Optimizing an Edible Clay-Based Platform as an Alternative to Antibiotics for Safeguarding Feed and Food Production
Youjun Deng, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Soil and Crop Sciences

This interdisciplinary project explored the development of edible, clay-based platforms as alternatives to antibiotics for limiting antimicrobial resistance in animal agriculture. The hypothesis is that such platforms can be fine-tuned to bind and disarm biological toxins and pathogens in food systems. Initial results demonstrated that natural and modified clays can adsorb aflatoxins and bacterial toxins, lower liver damage markers and support a healthier gut mycobiome in poultry models, paving the way for eco-friendly pathogen control methods.

Enhancing the Understanding of U.S. Meat Goat Markets: An Economic Analysis
Sunil P. Dhoubhadel, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Prairie View A&M University

Dhoubhadel’s study explored U.S. meat goat markets, analyzing price determinants at auctions, consumer preferences and willingness to pay for goat meat when provided with health and sustainability information. Goat meat, known for health benefits, remains underutilized in the U.S. market. Results highlight major factors driving meat goat prices and show that emphasizing goat meat’s health benefits can increase its market share significantly, supporting strategies for economic growth and improved protein diversity.

Impact of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Infant Gut Health
Sharon Donovan, Ph.D., Hagler Fellow at Texas A&M University and Professor and Melissa M. Noel Endowed Chair in Nutrition and Health, University of Illinois Department of Nutritional Sciences

The project assessed the impact of human milk oligosaccharides, HMOs, and the probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis on infant immune development and gut health. Using both laboratory models and samples from human infants, the study found that HMOs and B. infantis independently affect immune cell populations and gene expression, shaping immune responses tied to allergic inflammation and infection risk. The findings emphasize the complex interplay among diet, microbiome and immune development in early life.

Evaluation of Microplastics in the Muscle, Intestine and Reproductive Tissues of Major Food Animal Species
George Elane, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

Elane’s project quantified microplastics in the muscles, intestines and reproductive tissues of U.S. food animal species, given rising concern about microplastics in the food supply. Samples from pigs and cattle revealed the presence of polystyrene and polyethylene microplastics in both companion and production animals, with no significant difference observed between production and companion animals. This research paves the way for further studies on microplastics movement and potential health risks in livestock and humans.

A Systems-Level Approach to Understanding Nutrient-Microbiome Interactions
Sylvie Estrela, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

Estrela’s research investigates how specific dietary nutrients drive changes in the gut microbiome’s composition and metabolism using high-throughput in vitro experiments and ecological modeling. The project aims to build mechanistic, predictive frameworks to understand and influence nutrient-microbiome interactions for better health outcomes. The past year focused on setting up the new lab and infrastructure; upcoming data will provide foundational insights for precision nutrition strategies targeting gut health.

Plants, Nature and Health Initiative, PNHI
Charlie Hall, Ph.D., Professor and Ellison Chair, Texas A&M Department of Horticultural Sciences

PNHI studies how interaction with plants and green spaces supports physical, mental and social well-being, moving agriculture from simple food production toward preventive health. Translational research includes “nature prescriptions,” VR nature therapy and evaluation of agriculturally-integrated suburban neighborhoods. During the past year, key projects expanded clinical, campus and community adoption, boosted green-space activity and led to new cross-disciplinary collaborations, all advancing the concept of agriculture as prevention.

Using Metabolomics to Explore Mechanisms Mediating Caloric Restriction Impacts on Healthy Aging
Waylon Hastings, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

Hastings uses metabolomics to unravel how caloric restriction impacts aging and health, with a focus on developing robust, individualized measures of metabolic security that can improve dietary interventions. Work spans eleven large epidemiological cohorts, integrating metabolomics with clinical data. The project has made significant progress in data aggregation and has completed early analyses, setting the stage for new diagnostic tools in precision nutrition and healthy aging.

Understanding Influences on Emerging Adult Nutrition in the U.S.
Julie Hess, Ph.D., Research Nutritionist, USDA-ARS

Hess’s project analyzes emerging adults ages 18–24, identifying their nutrition status, dietary choices, and influences during this critical life stage. Using NHANES and original survey data, the study revealed that this group has the lowest diet quality in the U.S., highlighting a stark need for targeted public health interventions. Upcoming publications will provide further insights and recommendations for improving young adult nutrition.

Genomics-Based Improvement of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Content in Farmed Oysters
Christopher Hollenbeck, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M-Corpus Christi and Texas A&M AgriLife

Hollenbeck is working to enhance the nutritional quality of farmed oysters by improving their omega-3 fatty acid content through selective breeding and genomic tools. Oysters are a sustainable source of omega-3s, but optimization through breeding was previously unexplored. Early efforts have successfully spawned and analyzed new breeding cohorts, collecting extensive phenotype and genotype data. This will enable long-term improvements in the nutritional value of aquaculture products.

Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis in Skeletal Health and Repair with Focus on Obesity and T2D
Srividhya Iyer, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

Iyer’s study investigates how disturbances in endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, particularly unfolded protein response pathways, affect bone health in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Using laboratory models and gene editing, the team identified a new pathway linking certain endoplasmic reticulum stress responses to bone formation. Findings suggest that nutritional strategies to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress could help prevent skeletal fragility associated with obesity and diabetes.

Biofortification of High-Value Vegetables with Zinc and Iron in Calcareous Soils in South Texas
John Jifon, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Horticultural Sciences

Jifon’s research addresses nutrient deficiencies in common foods through biofortification during production, focusing on kale grown in calcareous soils. By implementing foliar fertilization with zinc and iron, the study found a significant increase in zinc content, while iron enhancement proved more complicated. Consumer surveys indicate a willingness to pay more for nutritionally enhanced kale, but familiarity with biofortification remains low, suggesting education opportunities to boost acceptance.

Capitalizing on Spinach Folates: Underlying Genetics and Breeding Potential for Improved Nutrition
Vijay Joshi, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Horticultural Sciences

Joshi’s project uses genetic analysis and metabolic profiling to breed spinach varieties richer in bioactive folates, essential for DNA synthesis and human health. The team found strong natural variation in folate content and validated bioavailability using yeast complementation. Results identified elite spinach lines suitable for rapid breeding and future development of nutrient-dense products, advancing both precision nutrition and farm innovation.

Leveraging Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence for Hispanic Restaurant Nutritional Labeling
Brian King, Ph.D., Head, Texas A&M Arch H. Aplin III ’80 Department of Hospitality, Hotel Management and Tourism

King’s research develops an augmented reality and artificial intelligence app to deliver personalized menu nutrition labeling in Hispanic restaurants, aiming to bridge gaps in nutrition literacy and support healthier eating in a rapidly growing demographic. Initial findings indicate that Hispanic consumers prefer trusted advice from social networks and cultural sources, reinforcing that technology adoption is deeply shaped by social context. The app shows promise for community health impact.

Reducing Sodium Nitrite Dependence in Processed Meats with Monascus Fermentation Solutions
Seockmo Ku, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Food Science & Technology

Ku’s project aims to produce safer processed meats by replacing synthetic sodium nitrite—a compound linked to chronic disease risks—with pigments derived from Monascus fermentation. Optimized fermentation increased pigment yield while keeping toxin contamination low. These pigments were shown to provide the same curing and antioxidant benefits as nitrite, with added functional properties such as Salmonella inhibition. This approach promises a scalable, clean-label solution to reduce diet-related disease.

Establishing a Connection Between Parkinson’s Disease and Nutrition
Dmitry Kurouski, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedical Engineering

Kurouski’s project explores how nutrition shapes risks for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s, aiming to establish noninvasive monitoring using Raman spectroscopy and develop nanomaterial-based therapies. Animal studies revealed that high-fat ketogenic diets can hasten Parkinson’s onset, and Raman spectroscopy accurately tracked body composition and nutritional effects. Furthermore, novel nanoflower therapeutics show neuroprotective effects in preclinical models, potentially offering new interventions.

Nutrition Literacy, Food Skills, and Food Security as Determinants of Dietary Behaviors Among Emerging Adults in East-Central Texas
Grace Lee, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

Lee’s research examines nutrition literacy, food skills and food security among emerging adults in east-central Texas, noting that this age group faces unique dietary and health challenges, including high rates of poor diet and low vegetable intake. Survey results show ties between planning skills, cooking confidence, food security, and better diet quality. The findings support targeting skill-building and digital interventions for early prevention of chronic disease.

ShaRE: Shared Robotic Ecosystem for Smart and Collaborative Agriculture
Kiju Lee, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution

Lee’s project develops a Shared Robotic Ecosystem (ShaRE), making precision robotic farming more accessible to farmers. The effort integrates robotic autonomy, cloud connectivity and economic feasibility analysis, with early work including system design and stakeholder needs surveys. Results point to reduced adoption barriers and health risks for producers, supporting more productive and sustainable agricultural operations.

Got Milk!: Using Randomized Control Trials to Investigate the Influence of Educational Labeling on Parents’ Decisions to Purchase Milk Products
Holli Leggette, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communications

Leggette’s Got Milk! project uses randomized control trials to study how educational labeling and point-of-sale messaging affect parents’ and general consumers’ intention to purchase dairy and plant-based milk products. Results show information treatment impacts purchasing intentions, with nutrition-focused labels having the greatest effect. Findings are intended to help producers and retailers make informed decisions to support consumer health and industry sustainability.

Prediction of Microbiota-Dependent Effects of Fine-Scale Food Composition on Human Health Using Big Data and AI/ML Approaches
Danielle Lemay, Ph.D., Research Scientist, U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service

Lemay’s team developed methods to link dietary intake data with gut microbiome genes, mapping polyphenol features to gastrointestinal health in adults. Their approach enabled the identification of key food compounds associated with health outcomes, supporting molecular breeding of crops for improved health benefits. Studies also uncovered links between dietary polyphenol intake and both inflammation and polyphenol-utilizing bacteria.

Enhancing Nutritional Security through Hydroponics and Community Education
Daniel Leskovar, Ph.D., Center Director, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Uvalde; Director, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Dallas; Professor, Texas A&M Department of Horticultural Sciences

This research focuses on optimizing hydroponic systems for growing vegetables with enhanced nutritional content to address food insecurity and promote health, particularly in underserved communities. The team ran comparative trials, fielded school outreach programs, and partners with local hydroponic growers, showing that certain system types and crop choices maximize nutrition and water-use efficiency. Community education is a key component of this effort.

Enhancing Human Health on the Texas High Plains with Sustainable and Resilient Cropping Systems that Mitigate Wind Erosion and Control Dust
Katie Lewis, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Texas A&M Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Lubbock

Lewis’s project monitors environmental and human health impacts of wind erosion in the Texas High Plains, a region still vulnerable to dust storms despite improvements since the Dust Bowl. By comparing traditional and regenerative agriculture sites, results show that soil texture is the main factor driving erosion, but regenerative practices can help reduce loss. Ongoing DNA analyses seek to link soil traits and fungal pathogens to health outcomes like Valley Fever.

Understanding the Effects of Nanoparticles on Bacteria and Fungi in Food for Responsive Agriculture and Better Health
Hong Liang, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Liang’s collaborative research investigates how nanoparticles—such as zinc oxide—can be used to combat bacterial and fungal contamination in food systems. Initial findings indicate that nanoparticles derived from mint and neem inhibited the growth of selected pathogens in laboratory testing. The project plans to expand to other systems like smart packaging aimed at enhancing food safety and shelf life.

Evaluating the Influence of the Community Café Culinary Program on Cardiovascular Health and Social Determinants of Health in Low-Income Young Adults
Alexandra MacMillan-Uribe, Ph.D., RDN, Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition; Faculty Scientist, IHA

MacMillan Uribe evaluates an innovative community-based Culinary Program that provides low-income adults hands-on culinary and nutrition training, career support, health screenings, and education in controlled environment agriculture. Participants underwent physical and nutrition assessments, goal setting and received a living wage. The program demonstrated feasibility and early positive impacts on health knowledge and outcomes, though enrollment barriers and attrition were observed.

A Naturalistic Study of Residents of an Agriculturally-Integrated Community
Jay Maddock, Ph.D., Regents Professor, Texas A&M School of Public Health

Maddock leads a naturalistic, longitudinal study of residents in agriculturally-integrated neighborhoods – communities built around urban farms aiming to encourage healthier living through better nutrition and increased physical activity. Initial findings in a comparison community highlight the importance of sense of community for stress reduction, while ongoing data from the agriculturally-integrated neighborhood will help determine the real-world impact of integrated agriculture and design features on wellness.

McCarl Group Activities: Research on GMOs, Climate and Agricultural Adaptation
Bruce McCarl, Ph.D., University Distinguished Professor, Texas A&M Department of Agricultural Economics

McCarl’s research covers the economic and policy impacts of technological and climate-driven changes in agriculture, including shifts in crop geography, land use and nutrient production. The group’s studies found that GMOs improve crop yields and resilience to climate change, while changes in CO2 levels have both beneficial and detrimental effects on yield trends, exemplified in rice. Land use is evolving, with more production moving northward in North America, affecting food provenance and regional economies.

Nutrients/Food Components in National Dietary Surveillance
Alanna Moshfegh, Ph.D., Research Leader, U.S. Department of Agriculture

Moshfegh’s work reviews national nutrition surveillance data (WWEIA, NHANES) to identify which nutrients and food components should be prioritized for reporting and research. A scoping review of more than 2,200 scientific articles led to a published best-practice guideline, informing public health policy and regulatory standards by clarifying which dietary data are the most useful for understanding population nutrition and guiding interventions.

Promoting Food Security and Healthy Living During Disasters by Enhancing the Resiliency of Texas Food Systems
Rodolfo Nayga, Ph.D., Professor and Department Head, Texas A&M Department of Agricultural Economics

Nayga investigates the impact of natural disasters, especially hurricanes and floods, on food insecurity and purchasing behavior in Texas. The research quantifies how disaster events transiently affect food access, with findings showing that food assistance programs help mitigate insecurity in the short term but long-term solutions are needed. Policy recommendations emphasize resilience in food systems and targeted support for vulnerable populations.

Developing Insect-Derived Protein Hydrolysates and Bioactive Peptides for Modulating Human Cancer Cells, Blood Pressure, and Gut Microbial Communities
Reza Ovissipour, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Food Science & Technology

Ovissipour demonstrates that protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides derived from black soldier fly larvae – a sustainable protein source – can modulate pathways related to chronic disease, such as oxidative stress, cancer cell growth and gut microbial metabolism. Simulated digestion and fermentation models showed that these peptides remain active through processing and digestion, which could lay the groundwork for health-promoting, functional foods.

Responsive Agriculture
Marco Palma, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Agricultural Economics; Director of the Human Behavior Laboratory; Interim Associate Director for Responsive Agriculture, IHA

Palma’s program, Responsive Agriculture, supports science-based innovation to improve the nutrition, quality, and sustainability of the food supply while emphasizing economic prosperity for producers. Over the last year, the group advanced research and outreach in consumer-informed food production, published widely and secured new funding, and launched collaborations to connect breeding, production and economic resilience to consumer acceptance and health outcomes.

Delineate the Immunometabolic Effects and Mechanisms of Bitter Melon in Liver Diseases
Bhimanagouda Patil, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Horticultural Sciences; Director, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center

Patil’s team is investigating bioactive compounds in bitter melon and their role in regulating immune and metabolic health, particularly in liver diseases. Studies show that specific triterpene glycosides reduce inflammation through ghrelin receptor signaling in immune cells, offering promise for preventing liver fibrosis and cancer. Ongoing work includes mechanistic studies in animal models and collaborations to explore the effects in other crops and disease contexts.

Exploring m6A Modification to Enhance Responsive Agriculture and Human Health
Peng Xu, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Medical Physiology

Xu explores the role of RNA methylation, m6A, in linking nutrition, metabolism, and heart health, as m6A modulates gene expression in both plant and human systems. Laboratory models with loss of the METTL14 methyltransferase developed inflammatory heart conditions, suggesting a critical role for m6A in cardiometabolic resilience. The research bridges molecular biology and precision nutrition, aiming for interventions that prevent heart failure through dietary and genetic strategies.

Advancing Health by Harnessing Energetic Electrons to Reduce Peanut Allergens
Suresh Pillai, Ph.D., Professor and Associate Department Head, Texas A&M Department of Food Science & Technology

Pillai’s project applies electron beam, eBeam, technology to reduce the allergenicity of peanuts by altering the structure of Ara h1 and Ara h2 proteins, which are resistant to traditional processing methods. Lab studies demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in allergy-triggering protein binding, with eBeam-treated peanuts showing up to 99% reduced allergenicity in purified protein and matrix forms, while maintaining food quality. This method could pave the way for safer foods for individuals with peanut allergies.

Novel Inhibitors to Limit Folate Uptake Late in Life and Improve Healthspan; Dietary Folate Intake and Health Outcomes Late in Life
Michael Polymenis, Ph.D., Professor and Associate Head for Graduate Programs, Texas A&M Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics

Polymenis’ team explored the role of dietary folate on healthspan and proposed that age- and genetics-specific folate intake, rather than blanket fortification, may promote optimal health. Using genetically diverse animals and synthetic inhibitors, one project found that late-life folate limitation could extend healthy lifespan, while another monitored the impacts on mice health and microbiome over time. The work suggests refined, precision-nutrition policies for different life stages.

Establishing a Regional Survey Panel to Explore Public Opinion on Advancing Health Through Agriculture – Greater Texas Community Panel
Beth Racine, Dr.P.H., R.D., Professor, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Associate Department Head for Nutrition Extension; Director, Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at El Paso

Racine’s “Greater Texas Community Panel” established a probability-based survey across diverse Texas counties to collect data on dietary behaviors, food environment and health outcomes. The initiative aims to overcome the limitations of traditional survey methods and provide high-quality, community-engaged data to inform IHA research and public programming. Initial infrastructure and partnerships were established, with the first surveys and manuscripts underway.

Development of a Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention to Reduce Glucose Excursions Using Machine Learning
Chad Rethorst, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition; Faculty Scientist, IHA

Rethorst’s project has developed a machine learning-based just-in-time adaptive intervention to reduce glucose excursions in persons with overweight or obesity. Using continuous glucose monitoring alongside real-time behavioral data, the team built a predictive model to identify vulnerable moments for intervention. Early data confirm the system’s predictive accuracy, setting the stage for personalized, real-time dietary interventions to reduce chronic disease risk.

Applied Specialty Sorghum Breeding
William Rooney, Ph.D., Regents Professor, Texas A&M Department of Soil & Crop Sciences; Bayer-Borlaug Chair in Plant Breeding and International Crop Development; AgriLife Faculty Fellow

Rooney’s specialty sorghum breeding work focuses on developing hybrids with valuable traits like high antioxidant content, particularly 3-deoxyanthocyanidins, for use as functional foods and nutraceuticals. Studies revealed the genetic and biochemical regulation of these compounds and their impact on grain quality and food processing. New black and tannin sorghum hybrids are being evaluated for commercial potential with licensing negotiations in progress.

Enhancing Resistant Starch and Lysine Content in Rice Grains to Improve Health
Endang Septiningsih, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Soil & Crop Sciences

Septiningsih’s project improves rice nutrition by editing genes to boost resistant starch, RS, and lysine content – traits linked to better glycemic regulation and overall health. New rice lines showed higher RS and doubled lysine, with promising cooking and physical properties retained. Collaborative work extends these findings to other grains, and future studies will focus on health impacts in animal models and further cross-breeding for optimal traits.

Nutrient-Sensing Ghrelin Signaling at the Interface Between Maternal Diet and Childhood Behavior Disorders
Yuxiang Sun, Ph.D., M.D., Professor and Associate Department Head for Graduate Programs, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition; Chancellor EDGES Fellow; AgriLife Research Faculty Fellow; Interim Associate Director for Precision Nutrition, IHA

Sun’s research clarifies how modern, Western dietary patterns disrupt immune and brain health through ghrelin receptor, GHSR, signaling, using laboratory models fed high-fat, high-fructose diets. Results indicate such diets increase inflammation and neurobehavioral impairments via immune-microglial activation, with GHSR-deficient mice showing protection. This work supports evidence-based dietary strategies for chronic disease and cognitive decline prevention.

Long-Term Memory of Adverse Prenatal Environment of Offspring and Its Genetic Interactions / Establishing a Machine Learning-Based Hepatic Retinoid-Level Prediction Model for a Precision Nutrition Foundation
Masako Suzuki, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

Suzuki’s lab investigates how maternal nutrition and genetic variation shape disease risk in offspring, particularly focusing on vitamin A and retinoid metabolism. Using animal models and genome-wide data, they found that prenatal vitamin A disruption impacts fetal organ development in a strain-dependent manner and that high-fat diets increase liver retinoid storage. These discoveries support new approaches to precision nutrition in pregnancy and early life.

Strategies to Improve the Adoption, Reach, and Implementation of the MyPlate Ambassador Program
Jacob Szeszulski, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition; Faculty Scientist, IHA

Szeszulski leads a project to expand the reach and efficacy of Texas’s MyPlate Ambassador program for high school students, integrating nutrition education, personalized text messages, and agricultural content for broader youth engagement. Marketing campaigns used eye-tracking feedback to improve outreach, significantly boosting applications. Intervention arms test tailored nutrition education and increased agricultural events, providing scalable strategies for healthy eating and food system literacy.

Diurnal Metabolic Responses and Neurotransmitter Stimulation to Regulate Appetite and Mood Following Tannin-Rich Grape Juice Consumption
Steve Talcott, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Food Science & Technology

Talcott’s work evaluates the bioavailability and health impact of muscadine grape polyphenols in juice products by optimizing tannase enzyme treatments and running human clinical trials. This specialty crop is rich in bioactive gallotannins, but their absorption is limited. Treatment increased absorbable metabolites with distinct effects on urinary biomarkers, suggesting improved bioavailability and potential benefits for glucose regulation, mood, and cognitive function.

Enhancing Fresh Produce Safety and Nutritional Value Through Encapsulated Plant-Derived Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Delivery
Thomas Matthew Taylor, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Animal Science

Taylor’s research optimizes nano- and micro-encapsulated plant-derived antimicrobials, specifically curcumin and quercetin, to extend the shelf life and safety of fresh produce. These technologies demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity in laboratory studies, maintained stability on produce surfaces, and have been integrated into edible wax coatings. This work aims to reduce food waste, improve safety, and deliver anti-inflammatory benefits through innovative food processing.

Development of the Intelligent System for Integrating Global Human & Animal Health Technology’s (INSIGHT) Large Language Model
Luis Tedeschi, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Animal Science; Texas A&M AgriLife Research Faculty Fellow; Chancellor EDGES Fellow

Tedeschi’s INSIGHT project developed a specialized, retrieval-augmented language model to synthesize evidence from animal production, food composition, and human nutrition literature. The AI system integrates thousands of publications and delivers transparent, citation-grounded answers connecting livestock feeding decisions to human health. With above-baseline performance in precision and recall, INSIGHT facilitates interdisciplinary grant writing, research, and policy development for healthier, more sustainable food systems.

Advancing Precision Nutrition: Wearable Technology for Noninvasive Insulin Monitoring
Limei Tian, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Texas A&M Department of Biomedical Engineering

Tian’s team developed a wearable microneedle biosensor for real-time, minimally invasive insulin and C-peptide monitoring in human interstitial fluid, enabling fine-grained metabolic tracking unavailable with traditional blood tests. First-in-human studies validate strong correlation to blood biomarkers. The technology supports personalized nutrition, early metabolic dysfunction detection, and improved research on dietary interventions for diseases like diabetes.

Edible Insects and Health: From a Pest to an Asset
Jeffery Tomberlin, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Entomology; Texas A&M AgriLife Research Fellow; Presidential Impact Fellow

Tomberlin investigates the nutritional profile and food system utility of black soldier fly larvae, focusing on their capacity to convert food waste into high-quality, bioavailable sources of vitamin B12 for human and animal consumption. Experiments showed that larvae reared on fruit and vegetable wastes accumulate and retain B12 through processing steps, opening pathways for scalable production of alternative proteins and micronutrients.

The Burden of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Under-Represented Adolescents in Texas: Towards Early Diagnosis and Personalized Nutrition for Healthy Living
Heidi Vanden Brink, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

Vanden Brink studies the burden of polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS, among underrepresented adolescents in Texas, focusing on early diagnosis and nutrition interventions. Initial findings from 100-adolescent samples revealed PCOS rates three times higher than national estimates, especially in Hispanic youth, and associated food insecurity. Analysis showed that acanthosis nigricans is a stronger marker for PCOS than traditional indicators. The work sets the stage for targeted prevention in vulnerable populations.

Unraveling the Potential of Nutritional Intervention for Liver Fibrosis in People Living with HIV
Chaodong Wu, Ph.D., Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition; Presidential Impact Fellow; Texas A&M AgriLife Research Faculty Fellow

Wu’s research investigates nutritional strategies for managing liver fibrosis in people living with HIV, using laboratory models to test grain-derived flavonoids (quercetin and apigenin) for therapeutic effect. Studies found that stimulation of the STING pathway worsened fibrosis, but dietary flavonoids reduced STING activation and subsequent liver damage, supporting “food as medicine” interventions for chronic disease risks associated with HIV/antiretroviral therapy.

Role of Fiber-Omega-3 Interactions in Brain Health
Chia-Shan (Jenny) Wu, Ph.D., Instructional Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Nutrition

Jenny Wu examines gut-brain interactions by studying the molecular effects of fiber and omega-3 fatty acids on gut microbiota, inflammation and brain function. Mice fed diets low in fermentable fiber showed reduced microbial diversity, altered colonic gene expression and greater disease risk. The research uses advanced imaging and single-cell methods to reveal dietary mechanisms and aid in designing precision nutrition interventions for brain and gut health.

Leveraging AI to Enhance Personalized Nutrition
Azlan Zahid, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Texas A&M Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering

Zahid’s research leverages artificial intelligence, AI, to develop a Healthy Eating Index-informed, HEI, food recommendation system, translating personal dietary profiles into actionable, personalized meal suggestions. The system restricts AI-generated recommendations to validated foods and nutrient data, demonstrating significant improvement in users’ HEI scores. The approach can scale up in public health and education for more effective diet interventions.

Zinc Supplementation as a Preventive Strategy for Preeclampsia
Ke Zhang, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Naresh K. Vashisht College of Medicine

Zhang’s translational study investigates zinc supplementation as a preventive strategy for preeclampsia, a leading maternal health risk linked to heavy metal exposure. Using a new cadmium-induced laboratory model, findings show that prenatal exposure to cadmium impairs placental development, but zinc supplementation counters defects in vascular remodeling and trophoblast differentiation. The research now collaborates with clinical teams to assess human placental samples and refine intervention strategies.